abstract noun: a noun that names a feeling, idea, or quality that you cannot see, touch, hear, smell, or taste

Examples: generosity, leadership, success


base plural: a plural that is identical to the singular form of the noun; also called a zero plural

Examples: sheep, spacecraft, salmon


collective noun: a noun that refers to a group of people, animals, or things as a single unit

Examples: audience, herd, team


common noun: a noun that names any general person, place, thing, or idea

Examples: lion, ocean, painter, palace


concrete noun: a noun that names something you can see, touch, hear, smell, or taste

Examples: wildflower, coconut, music


foreign plural: an English plural that is formed by following the rules of the noun’s original language

Examples: antennae, foci, analyses


irregular plural: a plural that isn’t formed by adding -s or -es to the singular form of the noun

Examples: loaves, oxen, ellipses


mutant plural: a plural that is formed by changing the vowel in a word; also called an internal plural

Examples: women, teeth, mice


noun: a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea

Examples: freedom, Spain, astronaut


plural noun: a noun that names more than one person, place, thing, or idea

Examples: children, tractors, decorations, dreams


possessive noun: a noun that includes an apostrophe and shows that something belongs to someone or something

Examples: Haiyun’s notebook, the tigers' enclosure, Dickens’s novels


proper noun: a capitalized noun that names a specific person, place, thing, or idea

Examples: September, Maya Angelou, Nile River